What is ADHD?
The letters correspond to ADD / ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity. This is the most important condition in psychiatry and / or child psychopathology.
The most common symptoms produced by this disorder are:
Inattention: difficulty sustaining attention, especially in situations of low stimulation.
Hyperactivity: Lack of inhibition or cognitive control over impulses associated with motor restlessness.
Impulsivity: Lack of inhibition or cognitive control over impulses.
How to behave with a child with ADHD?
Once the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity by a trained medical professional (pediatrician, neurologist, psychiatrist, child psychologist, etc.,), The major concern of parents and teachers should be responding to Special Educational Needs of the child. Advocacy, information and involvement ensure the correct treatment of the disorder.
is especially important for children with ADHD to fit spaces, schedules, activities, schedules and specialized teachers to their specific needs. From ignorance or a feeling of disorientation is hard to help the child.
What is ADHD?
Disorder Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological condition characterized by an inappropriate level of inattention (concentration, distractibility), hyperactivity and impulsivity that is inconsistent with the level of development of the individual and occurs in various environments of the child's life: at school, at home and in social contexts.
What is ADHD?
ADHD is not mental retardation or lack of intelligence. This misconception has arisen because attentional difficulties may adversely affect academic performance. ADHD can occur in people of any level of intelligence.
ADHD is not :
is not laziness or lack of motivation.
not intentional misconduct.
absence not total capacity to set and maintain attention.
"ADHD is a disorder invented?
No. ADHD was first described in a scientific journal in the year 1902 , not long after disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. There are also non-scientific literature, descriptions of children under what is now called ADHD much earlier.
ADHD is a medical disorder and is officially recognized by institutions (WHO, APA, AACAP, NICE) and medical experts.
How many children suffering from ADHD in Spain?
ADHD is the most common neurobiological disorder in children. It is estimated that between 3 and 7% of the child population suffers, equivalent to one or two children per classroom.
Who are more likely to have ADHD, boys or girls?
In the pediatric population, ADHD is identified more in men than in women. Most experts believe that communicates a much lower incidence of ADHD in children and adolescent girls because girls tend to suffer the predominant subtype de inatención y es el subtipo hiperactivo (y la perturbación asociada) el que llama la atención de los adultos y precipita la derivación del paciente para ser valuado. Por tanto, la relación de varones a niñas con un diagnóstico de TDAH es de más o menos 4:1 en la población general, (aunque, en realidad, la prevalencia se iguala).
¿El TDAH se manifiesta de la misma manera en todas las personas?
No, el TDAH es un trastorno complejo, cuyos síntomas están presentes en muy distinto grado en cada persona. Además, las consecuencias que estos síntomas pueden producir en un individuo son influidos por aspectos ambientales and personal.
Is ADHD inherited?
ADHD has a significant genetic component that determines up to 75% of the disorder. To get an idea, the heritability of depression is 39%, the breast cancer from 27% the height of 93%. However, nongenetic biological factors and environmental also play an important role in its development, especially in the form of expression. Although its presence in a family member is a risk factor for offspring, not all children with ADHD have a family history.
How evolves ADHD?
is estimated that over 80% of children continue to suffer the disorder in adolescence, between 30-65% is also present in adulthood. However, the manifestations of the disorder will vary significantly throughout life. Only a good treatment can improve hyperactive behavior.
Does the child with ADHD acts with malicious intent?
No, because in large part, their behavior depends on the symptoms of the disorder and its difficulty in retaining what they learn and apply learning (including standards behavior). Clearly, then, that negative behaviors are not intentional.
Is it good to punish children with ADHD?
No, in fact, has shown that the systematic punishment is absolutely ineffective and detrimental to the education of children with ADHD. These children struggle to retain and apply what they learned and this not only happens in academia, but in general. The child with ADHD has trouble understanding what can or can not do, which is why the punishments seem ineffective. In most cases, we assumed a form of unjust repression which makes it impossible to learn the rules of behavior.
Moreover, his own concern is often confused with misconduct, leading to punish excessively without real reasons, creating a "culture of punishment. In addition, positive behaviors often go unnoticed, giving the child the feeling that only pays attention when he misbehaves (hence the negative behavior may be perceived as 'a call').
"ADHD is a disabling disorder?
ADHD is difficult in many facets of child development. In children with ADHD are disorders that produce a poor academic performance, associated with low self-esteem, emotional disorders and problems in social integration.
While these symptoms usually incapacitate children with ADHD to achieve certain career goals, these pose real constraints over time: in school performance, interpersonal relationships in personality development.
Is it the fault of the parents of your child's ADHD?
No, parents are not to blame. Never accept anyone to blame for the illness of his son, nor is to blame if your child has diabetes or epilepsy. ADHD is not caused by disagreements between parents, even for separation or divorce or the birth of a younger brother, or because the mother or father to get to work, or because they work hard and spend little time at home, or the need babysitting, or because will change their school, or because you take care of their grandparents. Do not blame the illness of his son and not let anyone do it.
What is comorbidity?
The presence of coexisting or additional diseases in connection with the initial diagnosis.
Does ADHD often coexists with comorbid conditions?
Yes comorbilities common in children and adolescents with ADHD include:
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) (40%)
Conduct Disorder (TC) (14%)
Anxiety disorders / mood (34 %)
Tics (11%)
Are all children with ADHD rebellious, oppositional and defiant?
These behaviors are very common in children with ADHD (they are disobedient, they answer adults do not seem to listen when ordered to do something, argue or interrupt frequently). This is because these children have difficulty to perceive their own reality and its surroundings, causing them to feel misunderstood and 'repressed' before any attempt at correction.
However, oppositional and defiant behaviors are not always present. A child without ADHD may also have this type of behavior (although much less frequently).
Why children with ADHD have learning difficulties?
Children with ADHD experience many difficulties in concentrating and paying attention, bored easily and does not end its activities properly. This makes your performance in class is less than expected with respect to their intellectual capacity.
"ADHD is cured over time?
The child with ADHD can not fail to be since you can not heal the causes of their disorder (a developmental disorder that affects the maturation of some of their mental functions and its development.) However, it is possible to mitigate or eliminate any adverse effects or symptoms that causes this disorder.
A good treatment, applied at an early age can prevent deficits in the capacities affected by the disorder and the learning process, which interfere with the maturation of the child. In most case "depending on the time course of the disease without treatment, can avoid the limitations on academic performance, perception of self and the environment, the development of social competence, etc.
What things can improve or worsen ADHD?
There are several factors that help a good evolution of the disorder:
Early diagnosis
A coherent education by parents
The transmission of positive values \u200b\u200band family stability
knowledge by teachers and adaptation of educational activities
collaboration between parents and school.
On the contrary, the following factors can worsen the prognosis of ADHD:
delayed diagnosis
School failure
an education too lenient or too severe
Disputes and hostility between parents
health problems in children
family precedents of alcoholism, antisocial behavior and other mental disorders.
What can happen to a teenager whose ADHD was not treated in childhood?
teenager with ADHD are not treated in childhood have a more marked symptoms and may show other abnormalities associated, as
Start multiple projects simultaneously, but rarely end
have difficulty organizing
Postpone projects that require close attention to detail
have problems remembering appointments or obligations
have trouble staying seated during meetings or other activities
constantly fidgeting or moving
things often he loses his
Greater difficulty initiating or carrying out treatment.
Therefore, early detection is crucial as this will enable the symptoms can be alleviated or decrease over time, allowing the child to fully develop their full potential, therefore, is very important to have a good relationship between child and the physician.
What can school children with ADHD?
Knowing the problem to understand and intervene appropriately. This includes advising parents in the referral of children to an appropriate specialist and understand the specific needs of the child.
Collaboration between school and family is essential for effective treatment. In many cases, the child will need an educational assessment to determine their academic needs and a customized school intervention plan. Moreover, teachers must inform parents throughout the school year, sharing information and experiences, fostering collaboration between school and family.
What can parents and family for their child with ADHD?
The more they know, read and ask about ADHD, parents can best help the child and family. Should seek a doctor to assess and treat the child, a physician who is expert in children with ADHD and have time and patience to follow the child over the disease. A doctor is available. In addition, parents can:
Define clear rules with consequences and rewards for certain behaviors, help the child complete a task or assignment by dividing it into smaller steps, increasing structure and order at home, establishing stable and predictable routines to structure time, eliminate noise and distractions, to modify the child's behavior, motivate and establish appropriate measures of discipline for the child to understand the consequences of breaking the rules.
What can do to improve your ADHD child?
Children with ADHD have problems with attention and care and to control their behavior, because your body wants to move a lot. There are some general measures that help the children in their daily living activities such as:
Improve your concentration, let school clothes and wallet last night prepared to do so in a hurry in the morning. Sleep is good enough to concentrate better the next day. Must have a good breakfast and if the doctor has started any medications, take their medication in the morning to be able to concentrate and have energy. You can list these things to remember.
What is the rebound effect?
Occurs when the medicine is only a few hours, sometimes wears off for the day and the child comes to have symptoms in the afternoon or evening, noticing a marked deterioration. Not that the child is worse, but suddenly stops be well, and the difference is very noticeable.
"An adult may have ADHD?
is estimated that over 80% of children continue to suffer the disorder in adolescence, and between 30-65% is also present in adulthood. However, the manifestations of the disorder will vary significantly throughout life.
Many adults with ADHD have made up their deficiencies and have learned to control the negative consequences, so they do not constitute a major impediment development of much of its activity. However, others have not adequately developed some of the basic facets of the person suffering from personality disorders, serious emotional disturbance, emotional or work problems, higher rates of accidents, difficulty in social relationships ...
What is the prevalence of ADHD in adults?
Current estimates put HIV prevalence around 4%. Some of the symptoms and disorders associated with ADHD are maintained throughout the patient's life.
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